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Chiwa Denkmäler

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 Ata-Darvaza
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 Gandimyan-Darvaza
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 The walls of Dishan-Kala
 The walls of Ichan-Kala
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Walls & Gates

As centuries ago, approx. 10-meter-high clay wall surrounds the inner city of Ichan Kala. The inner city wall made of adobe (sun-baked) bricks (40x40x10 cm). Foundation of Ichan Kala rampart is thought to date from fifth century.

Ichan Kala wall is 8-10 meters high, 6-8 meters wide and 2250 meters long. The ancient city inside the Ichan Kala is densely packed into a space of less than a square kilometer.

The wall opens at four gates: North (Bagcha-Darvaza), South (Tash-Darvaza), East (Palvan-Darvaza), and West (Ata-Darvaza).

Khiva once had an outer rampart, Dishan Kala. Parts of it still remain, and its Stone Gate (Kosh-Darvaza) is still standing in the modern part of town, about 500 meters north of the Ichan Kala's North Gate (Bagcha-Darvaza). Allah Kuli Khan erected walls in 1842 for protection against attacks of Yomud Turkmen. More than 200,000 people took part in the wall's construction. This rampart had 10 gates. Besides Kosh-Darvaza two more gates, Khazarasp-Darvaza and Gandimyan – darvaza, are intact.

Clay for walls' construction was mined from the place two kilometers north of the city. The place is named Ghovuk Kul. There is a large lake near there. For a long time local clay is of very high quality, they say, prophet Muhammad built the town of Medina, using clay from that place. Therefore the lake, which appeared later, is considered sacred.



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